EOC Period 2

Photosynthesis, Respiration, Mitosis, Meiosis and Genetics
EOC Check Point Assessment #2
REVIEW SHEET

There are 25 multiple-choice questions and 3 open- ended problems on this Assessment. In order to do well, you should review the following concepts.

Photosynthesis:

1. What is the function of chlorophyll and the other pigments?	It allows plants to get energy from the sun. The pigments absorb the suns light
2. Write the equation for photosynthesis.	CO2+H20+sun=C6H12O6+O2
3. What are the reactants? (from the equation)	carbon dioxide, H20, and The sun
4. What are the products? (from the equation)	Glucose and oxygen.
5. The purpose of photosynthesis is to create food
6. Where does photosynthesis occur?	Type of cell: Plant cell Organelle of this cell: Chloroplast

Respiration:

1. Write the reaction for aerobic respiration.	C6H1206+O2= CO2+H20+36 ATP
2. What are the reactants?	oxygen and glucose
3. What are the products?	ATP
4. What is the main purpose of all respiration?	Release energy
5. Why do all cells have to do some type of respiration?	all cells need energy
6. Write the 2 equations for anaerobic respiration.	C6H12O6 --> 2ATP + CO2+ alcohol C6H12O6 --> 2ATP + Lactic Acid
7. Name 2 main differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.	Aerobic= use O2 = 36 ATP Anaerobic= no O2= 2ATP
8. What organelle does aerobic respiration take place in?	mitochondria
9. How does carbon dioxide cycle between animals and plants?	produced by animals, makes plant food
10. Name of the high energy storage molecule.	ATP

DNA and Protein Synthesis:

1. Draw DNA structure. Show at least 4 nucleotides. Label.
2. What is produced from DNA?	it makes and exact copy of its strands and to make protiens.
3. Name the 3 types of RNA and give a brief function.	MRNA, TRNA< rRNA
4. Which bases are across from which bases? Include uracil.	A-T, A-U,C-G
5. What is a codon? What is an anti-codon? What do these code for?	a sequence of three nucleotides the opposite amino acids
6. What can cause mutations in the DNA?	Radiation, Chemicals, and the Environment
7. Describe 2 DNA mutations and their results.	insert letter-CCC delete letter CC change letter CCG

MITOSIS:

1. Purpose of mitosis	two parent cells divide to make 2 identical daughter cells
2. What kind of cells do mitosis? (location)	all body cells
3. Diploid? Haploid?	diploid= all chromosomes haploid= half chromosomes
4. How many cells are produced from 1 cell?	1 cell makes two
5. Know steps of mitosis	interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase,cytokinesis
6. Final results? How many cells? Diploid or haploid?	2 diploid
7.If the diploid number is 12, what is the haploid number?	6
8. If the haploid number is 12, what is the diploid number?	24
9. Why is the diploid number even?	because you get 23 from mom and 23 from dad

Meiosis:

1. What does diploid mean?	all the chromosomes of body
2. Abbreviation for diploid.	2n
3. name diploid cells	Any body cell in your body except sex cells.
4. What does haploid mean?	half of the chromosomes
5. Abbreviation for haploid.	1n
6. Name haploid	Sex cells: sperm, egg, pollen.
7. Where does meiosis occur?	testes, ovary, (flower)
8. Purpose of meiosis.	cut chromosome number in half producing egg, sperm, or pollen
9. Know the steps of meiosis.	Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis
10. What are the final results of meiosis?	Produces different haploid cells. that will become sperm and egg
11. What is crossing over?	mother and father chromosomes exchange pieces
12. What are the results of crossing over?	more variation

Genetics:

1. Define dominance-The gene that shows.
2. Define recessive- There needs to be 2 recessive in order to show up. It is hidden by dominate.
3. Define phenotype- Characteristics that you are able to observe.
4. Define genotype- The letter that is responsible for the phenotype.
5. Cross homozygous brown with white. (brown is dominant to white) a) give % phenotype b) cross the F1 and give % phenotype of F2. Show the 2 punnett squares
6. Draw a simple pedigree for a disease. The family includes a mother, father, 2 sons and 1 daughter. Show some individuals that have the disease and some that do not. Label clearly.
7. How can a child have a recessive trait that parents do not have? Because the parents might have a hidden trait.
8. Give the number of allele combinations for the following: BBTT, BBTt, BbTt, bbtt